The GTO turns 50.....

In late 1963 GM handed down it's famous ban on racing. This was going to hurt sales immensely-especially at Pontiac-who had climbed from sixth to third in total US car sales mainly because of their high-performance image. That's where the term "Win on Sunday, Sell on Monday." came from. Smokey Yunick and Fireball Roberts were unstoppable in NASCAR in their fire-breathing Pontiacs. Roberts won 22 races in 1961-62 a feat unequalled until Richard Petty won 27 in 1970. Mickey Thompson and Hayden Proffit dominated stock class drag racing in their 421 Catalina. Up until then performance cars were primarily full-size cars. At that time-GM also had a rule-big cars got big engines, small cars got small engines. No intermediate could have a standard engine over 330 cubic inches. Oldsmobile dropped the 330 V8 into the 88 sedan and dropped the price-a direct assault on the Pontiac Catalina. This angered DeLorean, who was working with Jim Wangers and Pete Estes to develop a perfromance street car since racing wasn't allowed. They dropped the 389 V8 out of the big cars into the compact Tempest and called it the GTO. DeLorean had hoped to sell 10,000 units; it was a huge hit-even though it was a mid-year option they sold 32,450. The other GM divisions howled to the high heavens and demanded the car be killed. Oldsmobile quickly countered with the Cutlass 442 performance package-but with only 330 cubes under the hood, all it would see of a GTO would be the taillights. DeLorean said-and rightly so-the rule was no intermediate could have a STANDARD engine over 330 cubes. The GTO package was an extra-cost OPTION. And, the GM brass never argued with sales success so the car was here to stay. In 1965 they changed the bodystyle a little and Both engines got more hp the 4bbl 389 was bumped from 325 hp to 335, and the Tri-Power version got bumped from 348 hp to 360. Sales more than doubled-75,000 units were sold. The Goats were king of the street. A 406 Ford Galaxie or a 409 Chevy Impala or a 413 Plymouth Belvedere-all full-size cars would get their lunch eaten by a GTO. The 389 had almost as much power-but the Tempest was several hundred pounds lighter. A 327 Chevelle or a 289 Mustang had little chance in a drag race with a GTO. Olsmobile quickly followed Pontiac's lead and dropped their 400 inch V8 into the 442-which made them competitive but they only sold 1/3 of the units-25,000. In 1966 the freight train rolled on. Sales hit 96,000 units, an all-time high. Chevrolet finally countered with the SS396 Chevelle-and with a dealer network twice the size of Pontiac's-could only sell 77,000 units. 1967 brought some good changes. The body was still basically the same as the record-setting '66 except for the taillights. Front disc brakes became an option for the first time, and for automatic buyers the crappy two-speed ST300 ( read Powerglide ) was replaced by the excellent 3-speed TH400 and could be had with a Hurst Dual / Gate shifter. Engine size was increased to 400 cubic inches, and the heads were completely re-designed to breathe much better. However the 3-2bbl Tri-Power option-which had been a Pontiac Performance staple since 1959 was dropped. GM had said they wanted no more multi-carb options. Zora-Arkus Duntov and Chevrolet defied the order-the 427 Corvette had a 3-2bbl option until 1969-but everyone else toed the line. The buff magazines cried bloody murder. You could order all the parts through dealership parts departments and the '65-66 setup would bolt up to the new engines, and some dealers like Royal Pontiac would even install them if you paid extra. In reality-the 400 4bbl was actually a BETTER perfomer than the 389 Tri-Powers. sales dropped a little-but they still sold 81,000 units. By 1968 the musclecar movement was in full swing. The body was completely re-designed and Motor Trend named it the "Car of the Year".  Chrysler introduced the Road Runner-basically a taxicab stripped down Satellite with a hopped up 383 V8 as standard equipment and the 440 and the 426 Hemi optional. Dodge had the Super Bee-basically the same package on the Coronet. Ford stuffed the 390 V8 into the Mustang, and Chevrolet had introduced the Camaro in 1967 and you could get a 396 in it. Pontiac of course got the Firebird-their version of the Camaro and you could get a 400 in a Firebird. With all this competition they still sold 87,000 units. 1969 brought the introduction of the Ram Air III and Ram Air IV engines and the "Judge" package. However-the other car companies were busy too. Ford stuffed the Police Interceptor 428 into the new Mustang Mach 1, and Chrysler introduced the legendary 440 "Six-Pack" in the Road Runner and the Super Bee. Some dealers-like Nickey Chevrolet, and Don Yenko were stuffing L72 Corvette 427s into Camaros and Chevelles. Still sales were strong-72,225 units. In 1970 GM lifted their stupid rule that intermediates could only have 400 cubic inch engines. Chevrolet immediately stuffed a 454 in the Chevelle-the LS6 had a rip-snorting 450 horses, and that was probably under-rated. Oldsmobile put a 455 into the 442-the "W30" package had an aluminum intake,a 328 degree cam and was so hot it could only be ordered with a 4-speed and no power brakes-it didn't have enough vacuum at idle to operate them! It was grossly under-rated at 370 hp. Buick even got into the fray with the GS455 Skylark, and the Fire-breathing GSX. Chrysler introduced the 'Cuda and Challenger-basically Camaro / Firebird fighters-and they could be had with any engine including the 426 Hemi and the 440 Six-Pack. Strangely, probably because DeLorean had left-Pontiac didn't use the 455. You could get a 455 in a GTO-but it was a generic, "Station Wagon" engine. The high-performance engines were still the RAIII and RAIV 400s. If Pontiac had put the RAIV heads, intake and cam on the 455 block-they could have been competitive with these other monsters. But they didn't, and for the first time there were a lot of cars that could put a GTO on the trailer-something that just didn't happen in the first five years. And Insurance companies were cracking down on performance cars-often the insurance premiums were as much as the car payments!!  Sales dropped way off-40,149 units were sold-almost half of 1969's production. In 1971 due to ever tightening emissions standards and invention of low-lead gasoline-compression ratios were lowered across the board by all GM divisions. Pontiac did build a performance 455-the 455 HO used the heads and aluminum intake from the RAIV, with the milder "068" cam. It was under-rated at 335 hp and 480 lbs of torque. Didn't help-sales dropped to 10,000 units, a 1/4 of 1970's, which was half of 1969's. In 1972 the GTO was no longer a separate model-for the first time since 1964 it reverted to being an option on the LeMans. The 455HO was still available, but sales dropped to a meager 5,807 units. A United Auto Workers strike in 1972 probably didn't help either. The GM "A" bodies were all redesigned for 1973-the hated "Collonade" hardtops. With 5-mph bumpers-they were just plain ugly. 4,806 units were sold-the lowest ever. It was clear to everyone that the Trans-Am was now the flagship. In 1974 the engineers decided to return to it's roots-a big engine in a small car. The GTO was made an option on the "X" body-( read Nova ) platform. Since Pontiac engines are externally identical from a 326 to a 455-and the 350 was an option in the Ventura-the engineers wanted to put a 400 in the Ventura GTO. Now that would have been a rocket!!  ( I know, because I stuffed the 400 out of my wrecked '77 T/A into a '71 Ventura and it was quite a sleeper ). A Ventura weighed 3,200 lbs-about 600 lbs less than a Firebird. A 400 Ventura / GTO would have blown the doors off even an SD-455 Trans-Am-and that couldn't happen-the T/A was the cash cow. So the GTO got a 350 V8 that wheezed out 200hp. The buff magazines cried bloody murder. You could still get a 400 with a 4-speed or a 455 with a TH400 in the LeMans and the Grand Am-which were more GTO-like than the gussied up Ventura. So the car that started it all was put to rest. T/A sales soared in the late '70s, and remained the flagship until GM killed the F-bodies at the end of 2002. In 2004 GM put the GTO name on the Australian Holden Monaro. It had the 350 hp 5.7 liter LS1 'Vette motor and a great suspension. In 2005 they upped the ante with the 400hp LS2 'Vette motor. They didn't sell. The problem was the styling. It looked like a Grand Am with fat tires. Car and Driver called it the "Best Car Nobody's Buying". They hit it right on the head-"It runs like a Corvette, handles like a BMW, and looks like a rental car."  If Pontiac had done what Ford did with the Mustang and Dodge did with the Challenger-go retro and make it look like a '60's or '70's model-they's have had people lined up around the block-Ford can't build enough Mustangs fast enough, and the Challenger is selling like hot cakes. A sad end to a great idea. But if you want a GTO-you'll have to find a '64-72 model.  Mastermind